Name - Jyotiba Gohil
Sem 3
Paper no -9 The Modernist literature
Submitted to – M.K.B.U
Department of English
Topic – The Waste Land
Introduction-
The wasteland was written by T. S. Eliot . He was an essayist, play writer, social critic and great poet of his time.
In modern era epic poem was very famous. During that time T. S. Eliot written one of the modern epic poem The waste land. This epic poem divided into different five parts like as,
1)The Burial of the Dead
2)A game of chess
3)The Fire sermon
4)Death by water
5) What the thunder said
It is a long poem written in 20th century. It consider as the most important work of modernist poetry. In this poem Eliot include cultural and social and literary allusions from the western cannon, Hindu Upanishad and Buddhism. He wrote this poem after the world war. The waste land’ also represented the sexual perversion and spiritual degradation. This poem also difficult to understand because in the poem T. S. Eliot used various myths and reference with symbolic way. The title suggested negative form The waste land is the notable work for its seemingly disjointed structure and indicative of modernist style of James Ulysses. It also consider as the best depiction of modern human life. In the modern people has many problems especially regarding the world war. So because of that the internal state of human has become very complex and perverted. So they going through the situation in which there is no difference between life and death. So people suffering from the state of Life in Death. They have always fear of death. Life become like a Handful of dust. So the lost of morality happened and sexuality has taken place of it. So it becomes a part of their life. The relationship not based on love but sexuality. So it shows shallowness in the relationship in which love becomes the meaningless ritual in life. Lost of true feelings in the relationship why the love not prevail in life. The waste land describes the contemporary waste land as a metaphor. In the poem Eliot wrote about the story of the Fisher king. So in this story describe that according to Myths either king runs of the holy chapel or the act resulted into his impotency and brought and bareness of his country. So here Eliot give the example of Fisher king which is appropriately describe the state of modern society. So the first three parts deals with the various facts of the contemporary time with a serious disappointment. So it shows the human fall by converting God's earth into the waste land . In the last two parts of the poem basis of spiritual values so Eliot wants to show the into intolerable life of human and it reaches towards dead into this material world.
Burial of the dead
In the first part of the poem The Burial of the dead modified dramatic monologue in which describes four speakers. They find themselves surrounded by dead people and imprisoned by wars.
April is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land , mixing memory and desire, stirring.
Dull roots with spring rain. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow feeding ,A little life with dried tubers.
April is called the cruellest month in spite of the real fact that spring is the responsible for bringing the new life. So this line is an allusion to Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. In this poem of Chaucer begins with the opposite description than Eliot. In this April describe as sweet showers . So it differs from the Eliot's view in the poem the wasteland it suggest the dread of the natural cycle of life and death. In the line winter kept us warm it has contradictory idea of death and isolation which is associated with the winter by suggesting that is instead offering warmth and protection.
All these scene is fear the contrast arises from the various attitude towards fear. The theme is first stated in the famous opening lines, the comment on the cruelty of spring time the pain of new life stirring after the torpor of winter, and we pass to a reminiscence of summer coming with a shower of rain and then sunlight and an hour of casual talk in the Hofgarten at Munich. Then we are introduced to Madame sosostris. Now we step in London Winter. We see a crowd of people crossing London Bridge. They are slaves of time each with his eyes fixed before his feel watching the next steep only.
Rich women character of Philomela Greek myth used in the epic poem. Young man and woman are having loveless sex.
So Philomela Greek myth used so sexual perversion used in the poem. Fisherman story used in the waste land spiritual draught leading towards sexual perversion. Speaker walks through a London. Populated by the Ghost of the dead unreality. People live dull life in modern life. They have desire goo time comes in future. Our body became cold in winter lust, sexuality seen
A game of chess.
In a game of chess suggested that the sex has become a matter of moves and counter moves, in trigue and source of momentarily pleasure. There is the fashionable society woman who show all the luxury with she is surrounded ,board and hysterical as a consequence. Her love also suffers from mental vacuity and also they unable to keep even the smallest conversation with each other. Sex in relationship consider as mechanical so the relationship becomes mechanical. It is seen between -relationship of typist and Clark. In this typist gives herself to the clear with the sense of in difference and apathy so there is no repulsion and pleasure in the relationship. So the absence of these feeling shows the sterility of the age. So sexual perversion always lead to the degeneration and decay. The sexual sins of the king Fisher and his soldiers lead towards waste his kingdom. Sexuality and violence has always been there. In the my of Philomela, was raped and her tongue was severed so that she not reveal the truth. So in these all aspects shows the present resembles the past
3)The Fire sermon
In the Fire sermon the title has taken from the Buddha's sermon. It describes a polluted river and it is a representative of spiritual degeneration and conclude with a river song and incarnation . It deals with the lust that decision. As the title taken from sermon give by Buddha to his followers about give up the worldly desires and seek of spiritual deliverance from the earthly trivialise . So it gives a message about turn away yourself from earthly passions and desires. In this part narrator is surrounded by garbage at the beginning while he is fishing. A young woman is left alone by her lustful lover. It is the representation of the world which is full of lustful desire and passion.
4)Death by water
In this session of poem is Death by water. It is about the phebas the Phoenician man who is died by drowning into the water. It suggest that the morality and ephemerally of the life. So here it shows reality of life and attempts to show reality of the life that death is the true reality of their life. Human being have to face death sooner or later it never matters The one and only reality of life is death only human beings known. Later on he Elucidate points by saying that the profit and loss of phebas . He is a merchant but people not give important him after his death. So he is no longer worthily of attention when he died. So by this things Eliot addresses that all mankind should remember the destined end of merchant.
5) What the thunder said
In the last session of what the thunder said . It describes the quest for so life is bridge. It is to be passed ultimately . It is up to us that we choose the rotten bridge or choose divine values and pass from the safe bridge the ultimate reality of life is that this journey will never safe. Suffering and sorrows are part of life. So people should learn to cultivating spiritual values.
After the torchlight red on sweaty faces after the frosty silence in the gardens after the story places . The shouting and the crying prison and place and reverberation of thunder of spring over distant mountains . He who was living is now dead we who were living are now dying with a little patience.
Here is no water but only rock and no water and the sandy road . The road winding above among the mountains which are mountains of rock with out water. If there were water we should stop and drink Amongst the rock one cannot stop or think sweat is dry and feet are in the sand . If there were only water amongst the rock Dead mountain mouth of various teeth that can not spit . Here one can neither stand nor lie nor sit . There is not even silence in the mountains. But dry sterile thunder without rain . There is not even solitude in the mountains.
Sem 3
Paper no -9 The Modernist literature
Submitted to – M.K.B.U
Department of English
Topic – The Waste Land
The wasteland was written by T. S. Eliot . He was an essayist, play writer, social critic and great poet of his time.
In modern era epic poem was very famous. During that time T. S. Eliot written one of the modern epic poem The waste land. This epic poem divided into different five parts like as,
1)The Burial of the Dead
2)A game of chess
3)The Fire sermon
4)Death by water
5) What the thunder said
It is a long poem written in 20th century. It consider as the most important work of modernist poetry. In this poem Eliot include cultural and social and literary allusions from the western cannon, Hindu Upanishad and Buddhism. He wrote this poem after the world war. The waste land’ also represented the sexual perversion and spiritual degradation. This poem also difficult to understand because in the poem T. S. Eliot used various myths and reference with symbolic way. The title suggested negative form The waste land is the notable work for its seemingly disjointed structure and indicative of modernist style of James Ulysses. It also consider as the best depiction of modern human life. In the modern people has many problems especially regarding the world war. So because of that the internal state of human has become very complex and perverted. So they going through the situation in which there is no difference between life and death. So people suffering from the state of Life in Death. They have always fear of death. Life become like a Handful of dust. So the lost of morality happened and sexuality has taken place of it. So it becomes a part of their life. The relationship not based on love but sexuality. So it shows shallowness in the relationship in which love becomes the meaningless ritual in life. Lost of true feelings in the relationship why the love not prevail in life. The waste land describes the contemporary waste land as a metaphor. In the poem Eliot wrote about the story of the Fisher king. So in this story describe that according to Myths either king runs of the holy chapel or the act resulted into his impotency and brought and bareness of his country. So here Eliot give the example of Fisher king which is appropriately describe the state of modern society. So the first three parts deals with the various facts of the contemporary time with a serious disappointment. So it shows the human fall by converting God's earth into the waste land . In the last two parts of the poem basis of spiritual values so Eliot wants to show the into intolerable life of human and it reaches towards dead into this material world.
Burial of the dead
In the first part of the poem The Burial of the dead modified dramatic monologue in which describes four speakers. They find themselves surrounded by dead people and imprisoned by wars.
April is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land , mixing memory and desire, stirring.
Dull roots with spring rain. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow feeding ,A little life with dried tubers.
April is called the cruellest month in spite of the real fact that spring is the responsible for bringing the new life. So this line is an allusion to Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. In this poem of Chaucer begins with the opposite description than Eliot. In this April describe as sweet showers . So it differs from the Eliot's view in the poem the wasteland it suggest the dread of the natural cycle of life and death. In the line winter kept us warm it has contradictory idea of death and isolation which is associated with the winter by suggesting that is instead offering warmth and protection.
All these scene is fear the contrast arises from the various attitude towards fear. The theme is first stated in the famous opening lines, the comment on the cruelty of spring time the pain of new life stirring after the torpor of winter, and we pass to a reminiscence of summer coming with a shower of rain and then sunlight and an hour of casual talk in the Hofgarten at Munich. Then we are introduced to Madame sosostris. Now we step in London Winter. We see a crowd of people crossing London Bridge. They are slaves of time each with his eyes fixed before his feel watching the next steep only.
Rich women character of Philomela Greek myth used in the epic poem. Young man and woman are having loveless sex.
So Philomela Greek myth used so sexual perversion used in the poem. Fisherman story used in the waste land spiritual draught leading towards sexual perversion. Speaker walks through a London. Populated by the Ghost of the dead unreality. People live dull life in modern life. They have desire goo time comes in future. Our body became cold in winter lust, sexuality seen
A game of chess.
In a game of chess suggested that the sex has become a matter of moves and counter moves, in trigue and source of momentarily pleasure. There is the fashionable society woman who show all the luxury with she is surrounded ,board and hysterical as a consequence. Her love also suffers from mental vacuity and also they unable to keep even the smallest conversation with each other. Sex in relationship consider as mechanical so the relationship becomes mechanical. It is seen between -relationship of typist and Clark. In this typist gives herself to the clear with the sense of in difference and apathy so there is no repulsion and pleasure in the relationship. So the absence of these feeling shows the sterility of the age. So sexual perversion always lead to the degeneration and decay. The sexual sins of the king Fisher and his soldiers lead towards waste his kingdom. Sexuality and violence has always been there. In the my of Philomela, was raped and her tongue was severed so that she not reveal the truth. So in these all aspects shows the present resembles the past
3)The Fire sermon
In the Fire sermon the title has taken from the Buddha's sermon. It describes a polluted river and it is a representative of spiritual degeneration and conclude with a river song and incarnation . It deals with the lust that decision. As the title taken from sermon give by Buddha to his followers about give up the worldly desires and seek of spiritual deliverance from the earthly trivialise . So it gives a message about turn away yourself from earthly passions and desires. In this part narrator is surrounded by garbage at the beginning while he is fishing. A young woman is left alone by her lustful lover. It is the representation of the world which is full of lustful desire and passion.
4)Death by water
In this session of poem is Death by water. It is about the phebas the Phoenician man who is died by drowning into the water. It suggest that the morality and ephemerally of the life. So here it shows reality of life and attempts to show reality of the life that death is the true reality of their life. Human being have to face death sooner or later it never matters The one and only reality of life is death only human beings known. Later on he Elucidate points by saying that the profit and loss of phebas . He is a merchant but people not give important him after his death. So he is no longer worthily of attention when he died. So by this things Eliot addresses that all mankind should remember the destined end of merchant.
5) What the thunder said
In the last session of what the thunder said . It describes the quest for so life is bridge. It is to be passed ultimately . It is up to us that we choose the rotten bridge or choose divine values and pass from the safe bridge the ultimate reality of life is that this journey will never safe. Suffering and sorrows are part of life. So people should learn to cultivating spiritual values.
After the torchlight red on sweaty faces after the frosty silence in the gardens after the story places . The shouting and the crying prison and place and reverberation of thunder of spring over distant mountains . He who was living is now dead we who were living are now dying with a little patience.
Here is no water but only rock and no water and the sandy road . The road winding above among the mountains which are mountains of rock with out water. If there were water we should stop and drink Amongst the rock one cannot stop or think sweat is dry and feet are in the sand . If there were only water amongst the rock Dead mountain mouth of various teeth that can not spit . Here one can neither stand nor lie nor sit . There is not even silence in the mountains. But dry sterile thunder without rain . There is not even solitude in the mountains.
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